Topic 12: Active Efforts Requirement
List of cases for Topic #12 arranged by state in reverse-chronological
order.
See "About the Guide" on the ICWA Guide Online home page for the date of last update.
Long v. State, 527 So. 2d 133 (Ala. Civ. App. 1988) - [Topic - #12, #14]
Christina v. State, Dept. of Health and Social Servs., Office of Children’s Servs. , (Alaska 2011) WL 2652396 - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2011
Darcy F. v. State, Dept. of Health & Social Servs., Office of Children’s Servs., , 252 P.3d 992 (Alaska 2011) - [Topic - #12] - Added 09/2011
Charles J. v. State, Dept. of Health & Social Servs., Office of Children’s Servs., , 2010 WL 5129190 (Alaska) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2011
Lucy J. v. State of Alaska, 244 P.3d 1099 (Alaska 2010) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2011
Pravat P. v. State Dept. of Health & Social Servs., Office of Children’s Servs, 249 P.3d 264 (Alaska 2011) - [Topic - #12, #13] - Added 09/2011
Dale H. v. State, 235 P. 3d 203 (Alaska 2010) – [Topic - #12, #13] - Added 09/2010
Danielle M. v. State, 215 P.3rd 349 (Alaska 2009) - [Topic - #6, #12, #13, #16] - Added 09/2010
Roland L. v. State, 204 P.3rd 453 (Alaska 2009) - [Topic - #12, #13] - Added 09/2010
Dashiell v. State, 222 P.3rd 841 (Alaska 2009) - [Topic - #12, #13] - Added 09/2010
Sandy B. v. State, 216 P.3rd 1180 (Alaska 2009) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2010
Jon S. v. State, 212 P.3rd 756 (Alaska 2009) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2010
Roland L. v. State, 206 P.3d 453 (Alaska 2009) - [Topic - #12] - Added 11/2009
Jon S. v. State, 212 P.3d 756 (Alaska 2009) – [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 11/2009
Thomas H. v. State, 184 P.3d 9 (Alaska 2008) – [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 11/2009
Wilson W. v. State, 185 P.3d 94 (Alaska 2008) [Topic - #12] - Added 11/2009
Gilbert M. v. State, 139 P.3d 581 (Alaska 2006) - [Topic - #1, #3, #12]
Wendell C., II v. State, 118 P.3d 1 (Alaska 2005) - [Topic - #12, #13]
J.A. v. State, 50 P.3d 395 (Alaska 2002) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
J.S. v. State, 50 P.3d 388 (Alaska 2002) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14, #16, #19]
E.A. v. State, 46 P.3d 986 (Alaska 2002) - [Topic - #3, #12, #13, #14]
V.S.B. v. State, 45 P.3d 1198 (Alaska 2002)- [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
D.J. v. P.C., 36 P.3d 663 (Alaska 2001) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
T.F. v. State, 26 P.3d 1089 (Alaska 2001) - [Topic - #1, #12, #13]
N.A. v. State, 19 P.3d 597 (Alaska 2001) - [Topic - #12, #13]
C.J. v. State, 18 P.3d 1214 (Alaska 2001) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
A.A. v. State, 982 P.2d 256 (Alaska 1999) - [Topic - #1, #12, #13]
E.M. v. State, 959 P.2d 766 (Alaska 1998) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
A.M. v. State (A.M. II), 945 P.2d 296 (Alaska 1997) - [Topic - #12, #13]
D.H. v. State, 929 P.2d 650 (Alaska 1996) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re J.W., 921 P.2d 604 (Alaska 1996) - [Topic - #12, #13]
K.N. v. State, 856 P.2d 468 (Alaska 1993) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
Yvonne L. v. Ariz. Dept. of Econ. Sec., 2011 WL 2419857 - [Topic - #12, #16] - Added 09/2011
No relevant cases have been found.
In re C.B., 117 Cal. Rptr. 3d 846 (Ct. App. 2010) - [Topic - #1, #3, #4, #12, #13] - Added 09/2011
In re M.B., 107 Cal. Rptr. 3d 107 (Ct. App. 2010) - [Topic - #16] - Added 09/2010
In re K.B., 93 Cal.Rptr.3d 751 (Ct. App. 2009) - [Topic - #4, #12, #16, #18, #20] - Added 11/2009
In re A.A.., 84 Cal. Rptr. 3rd 841 (Ct. App. 2008) - [Topic - #11, #12, #13, #18] - Added 09/2010
In re A.A., 84 Cal.Rptr.3d 841 (Ct. App. 2008) - [Topic - #12, #13, #16] - Added 11/2009
In re Hannah S., 48 Cal. Rptr. 3d 605 (Ct. App. 2006) - [Topic - #1, #12, #13, #14, #16]
In re William G., 107 Cal. Rptr. 2d 436 (Ct. App. 2001) (certified for partial publication) - [Topic - #12, #13]
Letitia V. v. Superior Court, 97 Cal. Rptr. 2d 303 (Ct. App. 2000) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re Michael G., 74 Cal. Rptr. 2d 642 (Ct. App. 1998) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re Riva M., 286 Cal. Rptr. 592 (Ct. App. 1991) (certified for partial publication) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re Crystal K., 276 Cal. Rptr. 619 (Ct. App. 1990) - [Topic - #1, #12, #13, #14]
People ex rel. C.Z., 2010 WL 5058350 (Colo.App. 2010) - [Topic - #4, #12] - Added 09/2011
In re J.O., 170 P.3d 840 (Colo. 2007) - [Topic - #3, #4, #12, #13, #20] - Added 2/2008
In re N.B., No. 06CA1325 (Colo. Ct. App. Sept. 6, 2007) - [Topic - #1, #12, #13, #17]
In re K.D., 155 P.3d 634 (Colo. Ct. App. 2007) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re A.G.-G., 899 P.2d 319 (Colo. Ct. App. 1995) - [Topic - #1, #9, #12]
In re Jessica T., 1993 WL 566662 (Conn. Super. Ct. Dec. 20, 1993) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
In re Baby Boy Doe (Baby Boy Doe II), 902 P.2d 477 (Idaho 1995) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14, #16, #17, #18]
In re D.D., 897 N.E.2d 917 (Ill. App. Ct. 2008) - [Topic - #6, #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2010
In re D.D., Jr., 897 N.E.2d 917 (Ill. App. Ct. 2008) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 11/2009
In re Cari B., 763 N.E.2d 917 (Ill. App. Ct. 2002) - [Topic - #12, #13]
No relevant cases have been found.
In re A.R., 690 N.W.2d 699 (Iowa Ct. App. 2004) (unpublished table decision) available at No. 04-0745, 2004 WL 2002834 (Iowa Ct. App. Sept. 9, 2004) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re L.N.W., 457 N.W.2d 17 (Iowa Ct. App. 1990) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re R.L.F., 437 N.W.2d 599 (Iowa Ct. App. 1989) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re M.F., 206 P. 3rd 57 (Kan. Ct. App. 2009) - [Topic - #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #11, #12, #13, #20] - Added 09/2010
In re A.P., 961 P.2d 706 (Kan. Ct. App. 1998) - [Topic - #5, #7, #12, #13, #14]
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
In re Annette P., 589 A.2d 924 (Me. 1991) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re Nicole B., 976 A.2d 1039 (Md. Ct. App. 2009) - [Topic - #12]
No relevant cases have been found.
In re J.L., 2009 WL 2031867 (Mich. 2009) - [Topic - #12, #13, #19] - Added 11/2009
In re ROE, 764 N.W.2d 789 (Mich. Ct. App. 2008) – [Topic - #12, #13] - Added 11/2009
In re Dougherty, 599 N.W.2d 772 (Mich. Ct. App. 1999) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re Kreft, 384 N.W.2d 843 (Mich. Ct. App. 1986) - [Topic - #3, #12, #13, #14, #20]
In re Morgan, 364 N.W.2d 754 (Mich. Ct. App. 1985) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14, #20]
In re S.L.J, 782 N.W. 2d 549 (Minn. 2010 ) - [Topic - #12] - Added 09/2010
In re S.W., 727 N.W.2d 144 (Minn. Ct. App. 2007) - [Topic - #1, #10, #12, #14, #20]
In re J.B., 698 N.W.2d 160 (Minn. Ct. App. 2005) - [Topic - #1, #4, #12, #13, #14]
Sayers ex rel. Sayers v. Beltrami County, 481 N.W.2d 547 (Minn. 1992) - [Topic - #10, #12]
In re M.S.S., 465 N.W.2d 412 (Minn. Ct. App. 1991) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re W.R., 379 N.W.2d 544 (Minn. Ct. App. 1985) - #12, #13]
In re T.J.J., 366 N.W.2d 651 (Minn. Ct. App. 1985) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
No relevant cases have been found.
C.E.H. v. L.M.W., 837 S.W.2d 947 (Mo. Ct. App. 1992) - [Topic - #1, #2, #7, #12, #13, #14, #17]
In re A.S., 253 P.3d 799 (Montana 2011) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2011
In re I.B., --P.3d--, 360 Mont. 132, 2011 WL 1491902 - [Topic - #12, #13] - Added 09/2011
In re T.W.F., 210 P.3d 174 (Mont. 2009) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 11/2009
In re A.N., 2005 MT 19, 325 Mont. 379, 106 P.3d 556 - [Topic - #1, #12, #13, #14]
In re S.R., 2004 MT 227, 322 Mont. 424, 97 P.3d 559 - [Topic - #12, #14, #21]
In re G.S., 2002 MT 245, 312 Mont. 108, 59 P.3d 1063 - [Topic - #11, #12, #16]
In re M. E. M., 635 P.2d 1313 (Mont. 1981) - [Topic - #4, #7, #12, #14]
In re Jamyia M., 791 N.W.2d 343, (Neb. Ct. App. 2010) - [Topic - #12, #19] - Added 09/2011
In re Emma J., 782 N.W. 2d 220 (Neb. Ct. App. 2010) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14, #18] - Added 09/2010
In re Shayla H., 764 N.W. 2nd 119 (Neb. Ct. App. 2009) - [Topic - #1, #11, #12, #14] - Added 09/2010
In re Louis S., 774 N.W.2d 416 (Neb. Ct. App. 2009) - [Topic - #7, #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2010
In re Walter W., 744 N.W.2d 55 (Neb. 2008) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 2/28/2008
In re Enrique P., 709 N.W.2d 676 (Neb. Ct. App. 2006) - [Topic - #11, #12, #14, #20]
In re Phoebe S., 664 N.W.2d 470 (Neb. Ct. App. 2003) - [Topic - #11, #12, #13, #14]
In re Sabrienia B., 621 N.W.2d 836 (Neb. Ct. App. 2001) - [Topic - #12, #13]
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
State, ex rel. Children Youth and Families Dept. v. Arthur C., , 251 P.3d 729, (N.M. Ct. App. 2011) - [Topic - #12, #13] - Added 09/2011
In re Esther V., 248 P.3d 863 (New Mexico 2011) – [Topic - #6, #11, #12, #14, #17] - Added 09/2011
State v. Marlene C., 212 P.3d 1142 (N.M. Ct. App. 2009) - [Topic - #11, #12, #14, #17, #20] - Added 11/2009
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
In re T.F., 2004 ND 126, 681 N.W.2d 786 - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re J.P., 2004 ND 25, 674 N.W.2d 273 - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re M.S., 2001 ND 68, 624 N.W.2d 678 - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
B.R.T. v. Executive Dir. of Soc. Servs. Bd., 391 N.W.2d 594 (N.D. 1986) - [Topic - #2, #12, #13, #16, #17]
No relevant cases have been found.
In re J.S., 2008 OK CIV APP 15, 177 P.3d 590 - [Topic - #12, #13] - Added 4/3/2008
In re H.J., 2006 OK CIV APP 153, 149 P.3d 1073 - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re T.H., 2005 OK CIV APP 5, 105 P.3d 354 - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re Baby Girl B., 2003 OK CIV APP 24, 67 P.3d 359 - [Topic - #1, #4, #11, #12, #13, #14, #16, #20]
State v. N.L., , 239 P.3d 255 (Or. Ct. App. 2010) - [Topic - #12] - Added 09/2011
In re M.R.L., 2010 WL 3419696 (Or. Ct. App. 2010) - [Topic - #1, #2, #3, #11, #12] - Added 09/2010
In re J.S.B., 2009 WL 2426058 (Or. Ct. App. 2009) - [Topic - #12] - Added 09/2010
Dep’t of Human Servs. v. K.C.J., 207 P.3d 423 (Or. Ct. App. 2009) – [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 11/2009
In re Woodruff, 816 P.2d 623 (Or. Ct. App. 1991) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14, #16]
In re Charles, 810 P.2d 393 (Or. Ct. App. 1991) - [Topic - #3, #4, #6, #12, #14, #21]
In re Tucker, 710 P.2d 793 (Or. Ct. App. 1985) - [Topic - #1, #4, #12, #13, #14]
In re Charles, 688 P.2d 1354 (Or. Ct. App. 1984) - [Topic - #3, #6, #11, #12, #14]
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
In re J.I.H., 768 N.W.2d 168 (S.D. 2009) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14] - Added 11/2009
In re J.S.B., Jr., 2005 SD 3, 691 N.W.2d 611 - [Topic - #9, #12, #13, #16, #19]
In re D.G., 2004 SD 54, 679 N.W.2d 497 - [Topic - #12, #13, 14]
In re D.B., 2003 SD 13, 670 N.W.2d 67 - [Topic - #12, #13, #19]
In re D.M. (D.M. I), 2003 SD 49, 661 N.W.2d 768 - [Topic - #7, #12, #13, #14]
In re B.S., 1997 SD 86, 566 N.W.2d 446 - [Topic - #12, #13]
People in Interest of E.M., 466 N.W.2d 168 (S.D. 1991) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re J.J., 454 N.W.2d 317 (S.D. 1990) - [Topic - #1, #4, #7, #9, #12, #14, #17]
In re S.D., 402 N.W.2d 346 (S.D. 1987) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re P.B., 371 N.W.2d 366 (S.D. 1985) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re K.A.B.E., 325 N.W.2d 840 (S.D. 1982) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re S. R., 323 N.W.2d 885 (S.D. 1982) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re Morgan, No. 02A01-9608-CH-00206, 1997 WL 716880 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1997) - [Topic - #1, #4, #5, #12, #13, #16, #17]
Doty-Jabbaar v. Dallas County Child Protective Servs., 19 S.W.3d 870 (Tex. App. 2000) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
In re C.D., 200 P.3d 194 (Utah Ct. App. 2008) – [Topic - #3, #12, #16] - Added 11/2009
In re V.H., 2007 UT App 1, 154 P.3d 867 - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re S.D.C., 2001 UT App 353, 36 P.3d 540 - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re D.A.C., 933 P.2d 993 (Utah Ct. App. 1997) - [Topic - #1, #7, #12, #13, #14, #21]
Guardian ad Litem v. State ex rel. CD. , 245 P.3d 724 (Utah 2010) - [Topic - #11, #12, #16] - Added 09/2011
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
In re the Welfare of L.N.B.-L, 237 P.3d 944 (Wash. Ct. App. 2010) - [Topic - #4, #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2011
In re L.N.B-L, 237 P.3rd 944 (Wash. Ct. App. 2009) - [Topic - #1, #3, #5, #12, #13, #14] - Added 09/2010
In re E.C., 115 Wash. App. 1032 (Wash. Ct. App. 2003) - [Topic - #3, #12, #13]
In re A.M., 22 P.3d 828 (Wash. Ct. App. 2001) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re Fisher, 643 P.2d 887 (Wash. Ct. App. 1982) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14]
No relevant cases have been found.
In re Branden F., 2005 WI App 88, 281 Wis. 2d 274, 695 N.W.2d 905 (unpublished table decision) available at No. 04-2560, 2005 WL 645191 (Wis. Ct. App. March 22, 2005) - [Topic - #7, #12, #13]
In re D.S.P., 480 N.W.2d 234 (Wis. 1992) - [Topic - #12, #13, #14, #21]
In re J.J., 462 N.W.2d 551 (Wis. Ct. App. 1990) (unpublished table decision) available at No. 90-0158, 1990 WL 174568 (Wis. Ct. App. Sept. 18, 1990) - [Topic - #12, #13]
In re S.L., 455 N.W.2d 678 (Wis. Ct. App. 1990) (unpublished table decision) available at 1990 WL 57500 (Wis. Ct. App. Feb. 7, 1990) - [Topic - #11, #12]
No relevant cases have been found.
No relevant cases have been found.
Doe v. Mann (Mann I), 285 F. Supp. 2d 1229 (N.D. Cal. 2003) - [Topic - #2, #3, #9, #12, #16, #20]